Overview
CVE-2026-3599 describes a SQL injection vulnerability in the Riaxe Product Customizer WordPress plugin where unauthenticated attackers could inject SQL via the options parameter keys within product_data of the add-item-to-cart REST endpoint. The root cause was insufficient escaping of user supplied input and insufficient preparation of the existing SQL query, enabling attackers to append additional SQL statements to extract data from the database. This vulnerability is categorized under CWE-89 and demonstrates how untrusted input can compromise data confidentiality and integrity in web applications.
Exploitation typically involved crafting requests that manipulate the SQL executed by the server, taking advantage of string concatenation or improper query construction. In the WordPress plugin context this led to unauthorized data access, and in general this class of vulnerability allows attackers to enumerate or alter data, or even modify database structure in severe cases when inadequate controls exist.
In Go with the Gin framework, similar injection risks arise when developers build SQL strings by concatenating untrusted input or skip binding user-provided values to query parameters. The same pattern can allow an attacker to alter the query logic, retrieve data they should not see, or cause unintended side effects. The safe approach is to use parameterized queries or ORM bindings that automatically bind inputs as parameters, along with strict input validation and proper error handling to avoid information leakage.
Remediation for Go Gin thus centers on eliminating dynamic SQL construction from user input, adopting parameter binding for all queries, validating inputs, and applying defense-in-depth practices such as least privilege DB users and security-focused test coverage. The code example below demonstrates both the insecure pattern and a secure alternative in the same Gin application.
Code Fix Example
Go (Gin) API Security Remediation
package main
import (
"database/sql"
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
_ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)
func main() {
db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", ":memory:")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer db.Close()
// setup example table
if _, err := db.Exec("CREATE TABLE products (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)"); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if _, err := db.Exec("INSERT INTO products (name) VALUES ('Widget')"); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
r := gin.Default()
// Vulnerable endpoint: vulnerable to SQL injection via user input
r.GET("/product/vulnerable", func(c *gin.Context) {
id := c.Query("id")
// Vulnerable pattern: direct string interpolation of user input
query := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT id, name FROM products WHERE id = %s", id)
row := db.QueryRow(query)
var pid int
var name string
if err := row.Scan(&pid, &name); err != nil {
c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "error: %v", err)
return
}
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"id": pid, "name": name})
})
// Secure endpoint: uses parameter binding to prevent injection
r.GET("/product/secure", func(c *gin.Context) {
id := c.Query("id")
row := db.QueryRow("SELECT id, name FROM products WHERE id = ?", id)
var pid int
var name string
if err := row.Scan(&pid, &name); err != nil {
c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "error: %v", err)
return
}
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"id": pid, "name": name})
})
r.Run()
}